| Title:
|
An Approach to Similarity Search for Mathematical Expressions using MathML (English) |
| Author:
|
Yokoi, Keisuke |
| Author:
|
Aizawa, Akiko |
| Language:
|
English |
| Journal:
|
Towards a Digital Mathematics Library. Grand Bend, Ontario, Canada, July 8-9th, 2009 |
| Volume:
|
|
| Issue:
|
2009 |
| Year:
|
|
| Pages:
|
27-35 |
| . |
| Category:
|
math |
| . |
| Summary:
|
The recent global computerization and digitization trend has helped to increase the numbers of documents with mathematical expressions on the Web. These mathematical expressions have their own unique structures, and therefore, it is not an easy task for traditional search systems targeting natural languages to deal with them. We propose a similarity search method for mathematical equations that is particularly adapted to the tree structures expressed by MathML based on this background. The similarity search system helps users acquire additional knowledge, discover concealed relationships to different fields, and compensate for some false recognition. Given an equation as a query, most of the conventional mathematical search systems return corresponding equations that exactly match the query. Contrarily, our proposed system makes it possible to return similar equations by measuring the similarity using tree-matching techniques and also by reforming the structure of Content-based MathML. In this paper, we examine our proposed techniques through preliminary experimentation using a prototype search system, and show this techniques’ effectiveness based on some conditions requested by the user. (English) |
| Keyword:
|
MathML |
| Keyword:
|
MathFind |
| MSC:
|
68U10 |
| MSC:
|
68U15 |
| idZBL:
|
Zbl 1176.68074 |
| . |
| Date available:
|
2011-07-18T09:32:15Z |
| Last updated:
|
2012-08-27 |
| Stable URL:
|
http://hdl.handle.net/10338.dmlcz/702557 |
| . |
| Reference:
|
1. Munavalli, Rajesh, Miner, Robert: MathFind: A Math-Aware Search Engine.. SIGIR. pp. 735–735, 2006. |
| Reference:
|
2. Youssef, Abdou: Information Search And Retrieval of Mathematical Contents: Issues And Methods.. the ISCA 14th Int’l Conf. on Intelligent and Adaptive Systems and Software Engineering (IASSE-2005), July 20–22, Toronto, Canada, 2005. |
| Reference:
|
3. Adeel, Muhammad, Cheung, Hui Siu, Khiyal, Sikandar Hayat: Math GO! Prototype of A Content Based Mathematical Formula Search Engine.. Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology, Vol4, No10, pp. 1002–1012, 2008. |
| Reference:
|
4. Kohlhase, Michael, Sucan, Ioan A.: A Search Engine for Mathematical Formulae.. Proceedings of Artificial Intelligence and Symbolic Computation, AISC’2006, Springer Verlag, pp. 241–253, 2006. Zbl 1156.68306 |
| Reference:
|
5. Asperi, Andrea, Guidi, Ferruccio, Coen, Claudio Sacerdoti, Tassi, Enrico, Zacchiroli, Stefano: A Content Based Mathematical Search Engine: Whelp Proceedings of TYPES 2004 conference: Types for Proofs and Programs., LNCS 3839, Springer Berlin / Heidelberg, ISBN 3-540-31428-8, pp. 17–32, 2006. |
| Reference:
|
6. Ichikawa, Hiroshi, Hashimoto, Taiichi, Tokunaga, Takenobu, Tanaka, Hozumi: New methods of retrieve sentences based on syntactic similarity.. IPSJ SIG Technical Reports, DBS-136, FI-79, pp. 39–46, 2005. |
| Reference:
|
7. Hashimoto, Hideki, Hijikata, Yoshinori, Nishida, Shogo: A Survey of index formats for the search of MathML objects.. IPSJ SIG Technical Reports, DBS-142, FI-87, pp. 55–59, 2007. |
| Reference:
|
8. Hijikata, Yoshinori, Hashimoto, Hideki, Nishida, Shogo: An Investigation of Index Formats for the Search of MathML Objects.. Proc. of Intelligent Web Interaction Workshop (IWI 2007), pp. 244–248, DOI 10.1109/WI-IATW.2007. 121, Silicon Valley, USA, November, 2007. |
| Reference:
|
9. Otagiri, Kenichi, Murata, Tsuyoshi: Search of Mathematical Formulas using MathML.. The 22nd Annual Conference of the Japanese Society for Artificial Intelligence, 1F1-3, 2008. |
| Reference:
|
10. Wolfram Research Inc.: The Wolfram Functions Site.http://functions.wolfram.com. |
| Reference:
|
11. World Wide Web Consortium: Mathematical Markup Language (MathML) Version 2.0 (Second Edition).. http://www.w3.org/TR/MathML2/. |
| . |
