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Summary:
Fluorescenční proteiny (FP) jsou užitečným nástrojem pro studium biologických procesů na molekulární úrovni přímo v živých buňkách. Poprvé byly tyto proteiny izolovány a studovány před více než půl stoletím. Postupem času byly objasněny jejich funkce, struktura a vlastnosti a byla popsána řada možností jejich využití v biomedicínském výzkumu. Cílem tohoto článku je seznámit čtenáře se základními poznatky o struktuře a optických vlastnostech této mimořádně zajímavé skupiny bílkovin i hlavními směry jejich praktických aplikací.
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